NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Social Science Chapter 2: Physical Features of India
The NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 Physical Features of India includes answers to the exercises at the end of the chapter. The questions in the exercises are mainly related to the geographical divisions of India, such as the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plains and Islands. NCERT solutions are easy to understand and precise, which will align the preparation of school students as per the questions asked in CBSE examinations.
Class 9 Geography Social Science Chapter 2: Physical Features of India
The solutions for Geography Chapter 2 are given below. Students can also refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 9 for other subjects.
exercise page number 15
1. Select the correct answer from the four options given below.
(i) The land surrounded by sea on three sides is called
(a) Coast
(b) island
(c) Peninsula
(d) none of the above
Answer: (c)
(ii) The mountain ranges forming its boundary with Myanmar in the eastern part of India are collectively called
(a) Himachal
(b) Uttarakhand
(c) Purvanchal
(d) none of the above
Answer: (c)
(iii) The western coastal strip to the south of Goa is called
(A) Coromandel
(b) Konkan
(c) Kannada
(d) Northern Government
Answer: (c)
(iv) The highest peak of the Eastern Ghats is
(A) Anai Mudi
(b) Kangchenjunga
(c) Mahendragiri
(d) Khasi
Answer: C
2. Give short answers to the following questions.
(i) What is Bhabar?
Answer: The northern plains are generally described as flatlands with no change in their relief. However, this is not true. Various relief features are also found in these vast plains. The Northern Plains can be divided into four regions according to the variation in relief features. The rivers descend from the mountains and deposit pebbles in a narrow strip about 8 to 16 km wide parallel to the slopes of Shivalik. This area is known as Bhabar.
(ii) Name the three main parts of the Himalayas from north to south.
Answer:
- The northernmost range is known as The Great or Inner Himalaya or Himadri.
- Himachal or Lesser Himalayas.
- Outer Himalayas or Shivaliks.
(iii) Which plateau is situated between the Aravalli and Vindhya ranges?
Answer: The Malwa plateau is situated between the Aravalli and Vindhya ranges.
(iv) Name the island group of India of coral origin.
Answer: The Lakshadweep Islands are a group of islands in India that have a coral core.
3. Distinguish between
(i) BHANGAR and Khadar
Answer:
- It is situated above the flood plains of the river.
- Old alluvium or old soil and forms the largest part of the northern plains.
Khadar
- This is a new, young deposit of flood plains. It is renewed every year.
(ii) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
Answer:
Western Ghats
- lie parallel to the west coast.
- They are continuous and can only be crossed through passes.
- The average height of the Western Ghats is 900-1600 m.
- The Western Ghats cause mountain rainfall by encountering rain-bearing moist winds that rise along the western slopes of the Ghats.
- The height of the Western Ghats increases progressively from north to south.
Eastern Ghats
- It is situated parallel to the east coast.
- They are discontinuous and irregular.
- The Eastern Ghats are dissected by rivers that drain into the Bay of Bengal.
- The average height of the Eastern Ghats is 600 Metres.
4. What are the major geographical regions of India? Compare the relief of the Himalayan region with that of the Peninsular Plateau.
Answer:
The major geographical divisions of India are
- Himalaya Mountains
- northern plains
- peninsular plateau
- Indian desert
- coastal plain
- The island
Compare the relief of the Himalayan region and the peninsular plateau.
Geologically, the Peninsular Plateau is one of the ancient landmasses on the Earth’s surface. It was considered to be one of the most stable land stretches. The Himalayas are the newest landforms. Geologically, the Himalayan Mountains form an unstable region.
The entire Himalayan mountain system represents a very young topography with high peaks, deep valleys and fast-flowing rivers. The northern plains are made up of alluvial deposits. The Peninsular Plateau is composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks with gently rising hills and broad valleys.
5. Give an account of the northern plains of India.
Answer: The northern plains are the youngest landforms. The northern plains are made up of alluvial deposits. The northern plains have been formed by the interaction of three major river systems, namely – the Indus, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra along with their tributaries. This plain is made of alluvial soil.
The deposition of alluvium in a vast basin lying at the foot of the Himalayas over millions of years created this fertile plain. It is spread over an area of 7 lakh sq km. The plain, which is about 2400 km long and 240 to 320 km wide, is a densely populated geographical division. With rich soil cover coupled with adequate water supply and favorable climate, it is an agriculturally productive part of India. The Northern Plains are broadly divided into three parts.
The western part of the Northern Plain is called the Punjab Plain. Formed by the Indus and its tributaries, the greater part of this plain lies in Pakistan. The Indus and its tributaries – the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and the Sutlej all originate in the Himalayas.
This part of the plain is dominated by the Doab. The Ganga plain is spread between the Ghaggar and Teesta rivers. It is spread over the northern states of Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar and partly Jharkhand. The plain of the Ganges also extends to its east towards Bengal. Further east, there is the Brahmaputra plain in Assam.
The northern plains are generally described as flat lands with no change in their relief. However, this is not true at all. Various relief features are also found in these vast plains. The Northern Plains can be divided into four regions according to the variation in relief features.
The rivers descend from the mountains and deposit pebbles in a narrow strip about 8 to 16 km wide parallel to the slopes of Shivalik. This area is known as Bhabar. All the currents disappear in this Bhabar belt. To the south of this belt the streams and rivers re-emerge and form a wet, marshy and swampy area known as the Terai. Once it was a dense forest area full of wildlife.
6. Write short notes on the following.
(i) Indian desert
Answer: The Indian desert is situated on the western edge of the Aravalli hills. It is a rolling sandy plain covered with sand dunes. There is very little rainfall in this region.
Average rainfall is less than 150 mm per year. It has an arid climate with low vegetation cover. The streams are visible in the rainy season. Soon they disappear in the sand as they do not have enough water to reach the sea. The Luni is the only major river in the region.
(ii) Central Highlands
Answer: Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau. The part of the Peninsular Plateau lying north of the Narmada River, which covers a major area of the Malwa Plateau, is known as the Central Highlands.
The Central Highlands is broad in the west but narrow in the east. The eastern extension of this plateau is locally known as Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand. Drained by the Damodar River, the Chotanagpur Plateau marks the further eastward extension.
(iii) Islands of India
Answer:
Lakshadweep Islands
The Lakshadweep group of islands is made up of small atolls. Earlier they were known as Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindiv. In 1973, their name was changed to Lakshadweep. It is spread over a small area of 32 sq km. Kavaratti Island is the administrative headquarters of Lakshadweep. The island group has a great diversity of flora and fauna. Pitti Island, which is uninhabited, has a bird sanctuary.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
The long chain of islands situated in the Bay of Bengal extends from north to south. These are Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are larger in size and more numerous and scattered. The entire group of islands is divided into two broad categories – the Andamans in the north and the Nicobar Islands in the south.
It is believed that these islands are an elevated part of submarine mountains. These islands are of great strategic importance to the country. This group of islands also has a great diversity of flora and fauna. These islands are located close to the equator and experience equatorial climate, and are covered with dense jungle.
Physical Features of India Summary
NCERT Geography Class 9, Chapter 2 – Physical Features of India discusses the major physical features of the country, which include land, plateaus, mountains, deserts and islands. The major geographical divisions of India have been discussed in detail. This includes:
- Himalaya Mountains
- northern plains
- peninsular plateau
- Indian desert
- coastal plain
- island
The above mentioned major geographical divisions and their characteristics have been discussed in detail in this chapter. This chapter will help the students to understand India in terms of its geographical locations and longitude and latitudinal extent on the world map.
Apart from this chapter, a complete set of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science is also provided for the preparation of the students.
Frequently Asked Questions on NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 2
What questions can students anticipate from Chapter 2 of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography in the exam?
Here are some questions that students can expect from Chapter 2 of NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography in the exam –
1. Give an account of the northern plains of India.
2. Write short notes on: (i) Islands of India (ii) Indian Desert
3. Differentiate between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
4. What is Bhabar?
What are the major geographical divisions of India discussed in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 2?
The major geographical divisions of India discussed in the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 are:
1. Himalaya Mountains
2. Northern Plains
3. Peninsular Plateau
4. Indian Desert
5. Coastal Plains
6. Island
Students can refer to the NCERT solutions created by subject experts on Ncertallsolution to get more information about the important topics present in this chapter.
Where can students get the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 2
Students can search and download NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 2 PDF for free of cost from the link NCERT Solutions. Students only need to register themselves on the website to access the resources based on their needs.
The solutions include detailed and clear explanations of important topics, illustrations, diagrams and maps, wherever necessary. Moreover, all the solutions are updated regularly as per the CBSE syllabus to help the students score maximum marks in their annual exams. In addition, students will learn the correct way to answer textbook questions and improve their time management skills.
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